Question
Project 2: Blackjack with Dictionaries
You saw the card_dealer.py program that simulates cards being dealt from a deck. We are going to enhance this program so it simulates a simplified version of the game of Blackjack between two virtual players. The cards have the following values:
- Numeric cards are assigned the value they have printed on them. For example, the value of the 2 of spades is 2, and the value of the 5 of diamonds is 5.
- Jacks, queens, and kings are valued at 10.
- Aces are valued at 1 or 11, depending on the player’s choice.

The program should deal cards arbitrarily to each player until one player’s hand is worth more than 21 points. When that happens, the other player is the winner. (It is possible that both players’ hands will simultaneously exceed 21 points, in which case neither player wins.) If a player is dealt an ace, the program should decide the value of the card according to the following rule: The ace will be worth 11 points, unless that makes the player’s hand exceed 21 points. In that case, the ace will be worth 1 point.
You have been provided with starter code blackjack_starter.py on Canvas.
You will need to complete the sections #TODO in comments as follows:
- Complete the main() function by:
#TODO - Deal a card to each player and calculate hand value.
#Print 'Player 1 was dealt...'
#Print 'Player 2 was dealt...'
#TODO Determine the winner.
#Print either:
#Print 'There is no winner' or
#'Player 1 wins' or
#'Player 2 wins'

- Complete the create_deck() function by:
#TODO Add the numbers 2-10 to the deck [Hint: you will need to check if the value is numeric]
#TODO Add the Ace, King, Queen, or Jack values to the deck

- Complete the update_hand_value(hand, value, card) function by:
# TODO Given the player's current hand, the value of the card they were just dealt
# and the name of the card they were just dealt, return the new value of their hand
# Remember: If a player is dealt an ace, the program should decide the value by:
# The ace will be worth 11 points, uless that makes the player's hand exceed 21 points.
# In that case the ace will be worth 1 point.

It is recommended that you print out data structures such as the deck to understand how they work. Often times in the real world, you will start off with code that is already written and part of your job will be understanding it and then adding to it. It is important you have a clear understanding of how the deck is stored in the dictionary and what the key is and what the value is.

Extra Credit:
For the main question you only need to deal cards arbitrarily. For extra credit, deal the cards randomly from the deck.
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# Blackjack code

import random

# Global constant for the winning number of cards
MAX = 21

# main function
def main():
    # Local variables
    hand1 = 0
    hand2 = 0
    deck = create_deck()
    roundNum = 1

    while True:
       print('Round', roundNum)

       cards = list(deck.keys())
       random.shuffle(cards)
      
       #TODO - Deal a card to each player and calculate hand value.
       #Print 'Player 1 was dealt...'
       card1 = cards[0]
       value1 = deck[card1]
       del deck[card1]
       suit1, num1 = card1
       print('Player 1 was dealt', num1, 'of', suit1)
       hand1 = update_hand_value(hand1, value1, card1)
      
      
       #Print 'Player 2 was dealt...'
       card2 = cards[1]
       value2 = deck[card2]
       del deck[card2]
       suit2, num2 = card2
       print('Player 2 was dealt', num2, 'of', suit2)
       hand2 = update_hand_value(hand2, value2, card2)

       print('Player
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (111μs)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (136μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (113μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (110μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (94μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (108μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (93μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (140μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (99μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (114μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (97μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (113μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (96μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (110μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (95μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (109μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (183μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (127μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (99μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (112μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (96μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (134μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (108μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (118μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (178μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (134μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (279μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (162μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (107μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (121μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (98μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (125μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (94μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (109μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (94μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (115μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (97μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (239μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (171μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (140μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (98μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (273μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (768μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (883μs)
      • eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (214μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (328μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (161μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (152μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (113μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (257μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (112μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (172μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (116μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (135μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (102μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (187μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (119μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (118μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (100μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (1.06ms)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (195μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (254μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (163μs)
      • creating: site.layouts.app (445μs)
      • composing: site.layouts.app (19μs)
      • creating: components.canonical (387μs)
      • composing: components.canonical (74μs)
      • creating: components.open-graph (135μs)
      • composing: components.open-graph (47μs)
      • creating: site.headers.header (493μs)
      • composing: site.headers.header (64μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (1.47ms)
      • creating: components.footer (64μs)
      • composing: components.footer (66μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (790μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (264μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (798μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (3.55ms)
      • eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (99μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (556μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (352μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (157μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (127μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (116μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (119μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (364μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (321μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (149μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (127μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (131μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (180μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (127μs)
      • creating: components.forms.contact-us (305μs)
      • composing: components.forms.contact-us (124μs)
      • creating: components.forms.get-started (198μs)
      • composing: components.forms.get-started (57μs)
      • creating: components.forms.free-tool-download (93μs)
      • composing: components.forms.free-tool-download (131μs)
      • creating: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (116μs)
      • composing: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (52μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (83μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (39μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (78μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (38μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-support (90μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-support (37μs)
      • 311 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (17.36%)
        62.84ms
        20 x Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (10.49%)
        37.96ms
        20 x Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (7.49%)
        27.12ms
        11 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (2.23%)
        8.07ms
        11 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (1.94%)
        7.01ms
        1 x Illuminate\Foundation\Events\LocaleUpdated (1.11%)
        4.03ms
        12 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.27%)
        963μs
        1 x Illuminate\Routing\Events\Routing (0.26%)
        948μs
        1 x Illuminate\Database\Events\ConnectionEstablished (0.23%)
        818μs
        1 x creating: site.headers.header (0.14%)
        493μs
        1 x creating: site.layouts.app (0.12%)
        445μs
        1 x creating: components.canonical (0.11%)
        387μs
        1 x Illuminate\Routing\Events\RouteMatched (0.1%)
        358μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.09%)
        339μs
        1 x creating: homework.show (0.09%)
        310μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.contact-us (0.08%)
        305μs
        7 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.08%)
        273μs
        1 x creating: components.breadcrumbs (0.07%)
        256μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.06%)
        203μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.06%)
        200μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.get-started (0.05%)
        198μs
        2 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\Subject (0.05%)
        177μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.05%)
        173μs
        10 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.05%)
        164μs
        1 x creating: components.open-graph (0.04%)
        135μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.free-tool-download (0.04%)
        131μs
        1 x composing: homework.show (0.04%)
        129μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.contact-us (0.03%)
        124μs
        1 x composing: components.breadcrumbs (0.03%)
        116μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (0.03%)
        116μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.free-tool-download (0.03%)
        93μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\Subject (0.02%)
        90μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-support (0.02%)
        90μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (0.02%)
        83μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (0.02%)
        78μs
        1 x composing: components.canonical (0.02%)
        74μs
        1 x composing: components.footer (0.02%)
        66μs
        1 x creating: components.footer (0.02%)
        64μs
        1 x composing: site.headers.header (0.02%)
        64μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.get-started (0.02%)
        57μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (0.01%)
        52μs
        1 x composing: components.open-graph (0.01%)
        47μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.01%)
        43μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\Subject (0.01%)
        42μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.01%)
        40μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (0.01%)
        39μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (0.01%)
        38μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-support (0.01%)
        37μs
        1 x composing: site.layouts.app (0.01%)
        19μs
      14 templates were rendered
      • 1x homework.showshow.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.breadcrumbsbreadcrumbs.blade.phpblade
      • 1x site.layouts.appapp.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.canonicalcanonical.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.open-graphopen-graph.blade.phpblade
      • 1x site.headers.headerheader.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.footerfooter.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.contact-uscontact-us.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.get-startedget-started.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.free-tool-downloadfree-tool-download.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.claim-free-worksheetclaim-free-worksheet.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlisttutor-subscription-waitlist.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-subscription-jointutor-subscription-join.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-supporttutor-support.blade.phpblade
      uri
      GET college-homework-library/{category}/{subject}/{id}
      middleware
      web, utm.parameters
      controller
      App\Http\Controllers\HomeworkLibraryController@show
      namespace
      where
      as
      homework.show
      file
      app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:79-176
      20 statements were executed, 5 of which were duplicates, 15 unique. Show only duplicated47.57ms
      • Connection Establishedtwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#91
        Backtrace
        • 13. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:91
        • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `solutionslibrary` where `status` = 'published' and `price` > 0 and `solutionslibrary`.`id` = '51896' limit 1
        9.58mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Bindings
        • 0: published
        • 1: 0
        • 2: 51896
        Backtrace
        • 16. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (259)
        1.62mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Backtrace
        • 21. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 22. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 24. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 25. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` in (51896)
        780μstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Backtrace
        • 21. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 22. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 24. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 25. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 3 limit 1
        930μstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#201
        Bindings
        • 0: 3
        Backtrace
        • 20. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:201
        • 26. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:105
        • 27. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 28. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 29. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • select * from `solutionslibrary` where `id` <> 51896 and `subject` = 259 and `status` = 'published' and `price` > 0 order by RAND() limit 6
        18.68mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryRepository.php#30
        Bindings
        • 0: 51896
        • 1: 259
        • 2: published
        • 3: 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:30
        • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 18. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:39
        • 19. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:139
      • select * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (259)
        970μstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryRepository.php#30
        Backtrace
        • 19. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:30
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 21. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 23. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:39
        • 24. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:139
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 51896 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'question' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        940μstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 51896
        • 1: question
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:58
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 51896 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'teaser' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        1.22mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 51896
        • 1: teaser
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:69
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 51896 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'solution' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        730μstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 51896
        • 1: solution
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:80
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 3 limit 1
        1.13mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#201
        Bindings
        • 0: 3
        Backtrace
        • 20. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:201
        • 32. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
        • 33. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 34. vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
        • 35. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:70
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 1 limit 1
        1.06mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 1
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 3 limit 1
        1.14mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 3
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 4 limit 1
        1.1mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 4
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 10 limit 1
        1.09mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 10
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 33 limit 1
        1.11mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 33
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 11 limit 1
        980μstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 11
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 5 limit 1
        1.02mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 5
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 34 limit 1
        1.18mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 34
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 31 limit 1
        1.04mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 31
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 36 limit 1
        1.27mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 36
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 28. view::components.footer:170
      App\Models\SubjectCat
      12SubjectCat.php
      App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile
      10HomeworkLibraryFile.php
      App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary
      7HomeworkLibrary.php
      App\Models\Subject
      2Subject.php
          _token
          5a2stJkepwhF3vnZ0e9sCnSBB5SLkGH32Cv3O1Im
          utm_source
          direct
          redirectUrl
          /college-homework-library/Computer-Science/Python-Programming/51896
          _previous
          array:1 [ "url" => "https://staging.dev.24houranswers.com/college-homework-library/Computer-Scienc...
          _flash
          array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
          PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
          []
          path_info
          /college-homework-library/Computer-Science/Python-Programming/51896
          status_code
          200
          
          status_text
          OK
          format
          html
          content_type
          text/html; charset=UTF-8
          request_query
          []
          
          request_request
          []
          
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