Question
Project Details:
A reservoir has the following formation and fluid characteristics. The initial pressure is given as 3640 psi.
Porosity = 17.5%
Water saturation = 15%
Reservoir thickness = 78 ft
Areal extent = 85 acres
Reservoir permeability = 20md

The density of water is given as 62.4 lb/ft3
The molecular weight of air is 28.97
Please reference any formulae you may need from class notes or appropriate textbooks.

The gas composition is given as:
                            Molecular Weight      Mole Fraction
[yi]
Methane [CH4]                16.04                   0.847
Ethane [C2H6]                30.07                   0.0568
Propane [C3H8]               44.1                      0.0325
Normal Butane[nC4H10] 58.12                   0.0162
Carbon dioxide [CO2]      44.01                     0.013
Nitrogen [N2]                   28.01                   0.0345

Relative permeability data is given as:
       Residual saturation      End Point    Exponent
krw             0.15                     0.63               0.84
kro               0.15                     0.8               1.5478
krg               0.02                     0.9                   1

Using the above information:
1. Calculate the initial oil in place in STB using a volumetric approach
2. Using the production history and assuming that the reservoir is volumetric, determine the initial oil in place in STB using a Havlena-Odeh approach. Using an appropriate graph, show whether water influx is occurring for this reservoir. (Hints: You may need to change your flow rates to cumulative values - assume 1 month has 30 days. Use MBAL to calculate any fluid properties at the pressures you may need)
3. Using MBAL, calculate the initial oil in place in STB. If water influx is occurring, decide which aquifer (pot aquifer, Schilthuis, Hurst-van Everdingen – bottom and edge (radial) models), is the best suited to your model. Briefly discuss why you have chosen your aquifer properties. Take screenshots as needed.
• Note the following:
o During this exercise you may regress your data. If regression is used:
briefly discuss the reasons why you decided to regress
show and briefly discuss what parameters were regressed
show and discuss changes in your Energy plot, Graphical plot and Analytical plot before and after regression.
4. Using MBAL, perform a DCA on your data. What kind of decline is being experienced? Show how the oil rate and amounts change for a hyperbolic, harmonic and exponential decline where appropriate. Predict the cumulative oil production for the next 10 years under these three different declines showing how your actual decline value differs to the other two models.
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1. Introduction
Reservoir/wellbore evaluation and production optimisation is a crucial step towards improving the oil recovery from fields. A typical oil or gas field consists of number of producers and injectors where the pipelines with different sizes and terrain are connected to each other at surface to transport the fluids from wells to terminal points. Such a production network requires investigation of whole integrated system from reservoir and wellbore to production surface facilities.
The integrated production modelling (IPM) aims to simulate the performance of all components within the production network. This modelling approach consider the simultaneous response and effect of individual components on the field production as all components are thermally and hydraulically connected to each other. Transient coupled reservoir/well models are used to monitor the short-term phenomena where the hydraulic and thermal interactions between reservoir and wellbore are important to be captured such as gas/water coning, well start-up and etc. However, this approach is not efficient to study the long-term control decisions to develop the fields. In this type of situations, a transient or steady-state reservoir model is coupled with steady-state well model to optimise the long term control decisions.
Commercial IPM software offered by PETEX Company provides a valuable tool to model the production network, recognise the productions challenges and optimise the hydrocarbon recovery. In this work, PROSPER module is used to model the wellbore performance in which nodal analysis solve the inflow performance relationship (IPR) and vertical lift performance (VLP) equations. Then GAP module is used to simulate the production network including three wells named as well 1A, 2A and 1B. Wells 1A and 2A are drilled in reservoir A while
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (113μs)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (132μs)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (136μs)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (116μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (99μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (114μs)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (114μs)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (115μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (98μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (115μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (98μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (114μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (100μs)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (103μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (119μs)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (142μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (118μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (127μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (100μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (115μs)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (139μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (114μs)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (104μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (127μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (103μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (116μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (96μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (145μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (109μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (128μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (105μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (125μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (107μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (139μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (810μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (770μs)
      • eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (76μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (290μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (1.23ms)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (221μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (136μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (135μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (113μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (126μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (139μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (136μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (105μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (121μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (105μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (351μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (118μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (124μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (101μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (122μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (100μs)
      • creating: site.layouts.app (361μs)
      • composing: site.layouts.app (17μs)
      • creating: components.canonical (404μs)
      • composing: components.canonical (77μs)
      • creating: components.open-graph (200μs)
      • composing: components.open-graph (52μs)
      • creating: site.headers.header (234μs)
      • composing: site.headers.header (61μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (1.26ms)
      • creating: components.footer (75μs)
      • composing: components.footer (72μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (691μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (267μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (739μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (947μs)
      • eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (75μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (303μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (287μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (152μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (246μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (154μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (132μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (245μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (431μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (135μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (127μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (118μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (120μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (117μs)
      • creating: components.forms.contact-us (229μs)
      • composing: components.forms.contact-us (122μs)
      • creating: components.forms.get-started (129μs)
      • composing: components.forms.get-started (45μs)
      • creating: components.forms.free-tool-download (99μs)
      • composing: components.forms.free-tool-download (41μs)
      • creating: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (83μs)
      • composing: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (39μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (191μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (45μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (82μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (45μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-support (80μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-support (40μs)
      • 311 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (17.06%)
        60.79ms
        20 x Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (12.34%)
        43.97ms
        20 x Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (6.69%)
        23.85ms
        11 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (2.56%)
        9.12ms
        1 x Illuminate\Foundation\Events\LocaleUpdated (1.98%)
        7.06ms
        11 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (1.97%)
        7.03ms
        1 x Illuminate\Routing\Events\Routing (0.28%)
        1.01ms
        12 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.27%)
        972μs
        1 x Illuminate\Database\Events\ConnectionEstablished (0.26%)
        917μs
        39 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.13%)
        473μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.13%)
        461μs
        1 x Illuminate\Routing\Events\RouteMatched (0.12%)
        417μs
        1 x creating: components.canonical (0.11%)
        404μs
        1 x creating: site.layouts.app (0.1%)
        361μs
        1 x creating: components.breadcrumbs (0.08%)
        284μs
        1 x creating: homework.show (0.08%)
        280μs
        7 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.07%)
        252μs
        1 x creating: site.headers.header (0.07%)
        234μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.contact-us (0.06%)
        229μs
        2 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\Subject (0.06%)
        207μs
        1 x creating: components.open-graph (0.06%)
        200μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (0.05%)
        191μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.05%)
        191μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.05%)
        165μs
        1 x composing: components.breadcrumbs (0.04%)
        130μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.get-started (0.04%)
        129μs
        1 x composing: homework.show (0.04%)
        128μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.contact-us (0.03%)
        122μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.03%)
        107μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\Subject (0.03%)
        100μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.free-tool-download (0.03%)
        99μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (0.02%)
        83μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (0.02%)
        82μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-support (0.02%)
        80μs
        1 x composing: components.canonical (0.02%)
        77μs
        1 x creating: components.footer (0.02%)
        75μs
        1 x composing: components.footer (0.02%)
        72μs
        1 x composing: site.headers.header (0.02%)
        61μs
        1 x composing: components.open-graph (0.01%)
        52μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.get-started (0.01%)
        45μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (0.01%)
        45μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (0.01%)
        45μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\Subject (0.01%)
        42μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.01%)
        41μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.free-tool-download (0.01%)
        41μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-support (0.01%)
        40μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.01%)
        39μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (0.01%)
        39μs
        1 x composing: site.layouts.app (0%)
        17μs
      14 templates were rendered
      • 1x homework.showshow.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.breadcrumbsbreadcrumbs.blade.phpblade
      • 1x site.layouts.appapp.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.canonicalcanonical.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.open-graphopen-graph.blade.phpblade
      • 1x site.headers.headerheader.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.footerfooter.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.contact-uscontact-us.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.get-startedget-started.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.free-tool-downloadfree-tool-download.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.claim-free-worksheetclaim-free-worksheet.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlisttutor-subscription-waitlist.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-subscription-jointutor-subscription-join.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-supporttutor-support.blade.phpblade
      uri
      GET college-homework-library/{category}/{subject}/{id}
      middleware
      web, utm.parameters
      controller
      App\Http\Controllers\HomeworkLibraryController@show
      namespace
      where
      as
      homework.show
      file
      app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:79-176
      20 statements were executed, 5 of which were duplicates, 15 unique. Show only duplicated54.07ms
      • Connection Establishedtwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#91
        Backtrace
        • 13. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:91
        • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `solutionslibrary` where `status` = 'published' and `price` > 0 and `solutionslibrary`.`id` = '38674' limit 1
        27.06mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Bindings
        • 0: published
        • 1: 0
        • 2: 38674
        Backtrace
        • 16. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (356)
        1.02mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Backtrace
        • 21. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 22. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 24. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 25. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` in (38674)
        1.35mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Backtrace
        • 21. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 22. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 24. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 25. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 10 limit 1
        970μstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#201
        Bindings
        • 0: 10
        Backtrace
        • 20. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:201
        • 26. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:105
        • 27. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 28. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 29. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • select * from `solutionslibrary` where `id` <> 38674 and `subject` = 356 and `status` = 'published' and `price` > 0 order by RAND() limit 6
        5.62mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryRepository.php#30
        Bindings
        • 0: 38674
        • 1: 356
        • 2: published
        • 3: 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:30
        • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 18. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:39
        • 19. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:139
      • select * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (356)
        1.04mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryRepository.php#30
        Backtrace
        • 19. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:30
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 21. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 23. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:39
        • 24. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:139
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 38674 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'question' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        2.21mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 38674
        • 1: question
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:58
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 38674 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'teaser' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        1.08mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 38674
        • 1: teaser
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:69
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 38674 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'solution' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        1.19mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 38674
        • 1: solution
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:80
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 10 limit 1
        1.07mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#201
        Bindings
        • 0: 10
        Backtrace
        • 20. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:201
        • 32. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
        • 33. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 34. vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
        • 35. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:70
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 1 limit 1
        1.17mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 1
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 3 limit 1
        1.04mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 3
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 4 limit 1
        950μstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 4
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 10 limit 1
        1.33mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 10
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 33 limit 1
        1.37mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 33
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 11 limit 1
        1.18mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 11
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 5 limit 1
        1.04mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 5
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 34 limit 1
        1.13mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
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        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 28. view::components.footer:170
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