Question
On July 4, 1939, Yankee First Baseman Lou Gehrig gave a short speech of farewell during reirement ceremonies at Yankee Stadium in New York City. In terms of the rehetorical situation, the speaker produced a fitting response that eliminated the exigence in that situation. In any ceremony, of course, it is customary for the guest to honor to make a few remarks and the speaker eliminates that exigence by saying something. Lou Gerhig perceived an additional exigence: sadness among baseball fans. He reduced that exigence by giving his speech.

A rhetorical analysis of the speech begins with the historical context: Lou Gehrig had set a record for the number of consecutive games played in U.S. major-league baseball, but he suddenly quit playing for health reasons. The occasion was "Lou Gehrig Day," a ceremony held at the stadium prior to a game to commemorate the career of the retiring ballplayer. The audience included spectators, other players, team and league officials, and radio listeners. The speaker was a professional athlete who, not as comfortable with sportswriters as his teammate Babe Ruth had been, had not planned to speak until his wife convinced him that he should. The speech was short, extemporaneous, and reflected gratitude. But this only recounts the facts about the speech without accounting for the constraints and opportunities from each element that the speaker was able to use to make the speech a fitting response that reduced exigence.

In this rhetorical situation, the occasion provided the speaker with constraints and resources. He was obliged to speak, given the conventions of such occasions, and was in uniform at a public gathering in a place where people were used to seeing him. As such, the occasion requires a somewhat formal ceremonial speech that reflects on the shared values of the community in public, rather than private, gathering. In a familiar setting, the occasion gave a somewhat shy man comfortable space in which to speak. The audience would expect a speech that was short, graceful, and respectful of shared values that would address their feelings appropriately but not overshadow the baseball game. The audience provided respectful attention and a heightened emotional register for the speaker, which gave his speech purpose: he spoke to eliminate the emotional exigence of sadness. The speaker, who had attended Columbia University in the engineering program (on a baseball scholarship), was an uncomfortable public speaker, but he had a strong sense of responsibility. His intelligence and determinism sustained him in a time that was difficult personally, professionally, and publicly. The speech had to be short, emotional without being weepy, prepared but heartfelt, and appropriate to the occasion in its ideas, structure, and language. The speech drew on the resources and accomodated the constraints of each element in the rhetorical situation to be a fitting response that achieved its purpose.

....

After you have viewed and read the speech, identify the ideas and values that make up the propositional content of the speech. Then, consider the structure. The speech does not follow all of the advice given by the Zarefsky textbook, of course; ceremonial speeches often privilege resonance of ideas over clarity of expression, and Gehrig's speech does not contain all of the functions of an introduction, conclusion, or transition that you will be expected to use in your speech -- just most of them.

- What are the values expressed in the body of the speech?
- In terms of the organizational patterns discussed in Chapter 9, how is the body of the speech arranged?
- In terms of the tactics discussed in Chapter 10, what functions of the introduction and conclusion are present in the speech?
- How does the structure of the speech manage the constraints and resources?
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Lou Gehrig’s Farewell Speech to Baseball

In Lou Gehrig’s Farewell Speech to Baseball, a short delivery he gave at Yankee Stadium on July 4, 1939, Gehrig acknowledges the sadness precipitated by his departure and also shores up some hope for his audience to act on in the future.
Gehrig gave a speech on how his illness does not override the fortune he has gained from the sport, being a world-class baseball player and celebrity.
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (180μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (196μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (185μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (160μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (173μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (165μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (186μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (159μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (216μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (214μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (200μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (164μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (196μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (160μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (196μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (166μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (191μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (159μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (195μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (316μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (222μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (156μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (235μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (173μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (279μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (207μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (328μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (222μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (322μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (848μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (1.49ms)
      • eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (136μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (401μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (171μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (310μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (161μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (303μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (170μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (254μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (288μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (2.51ms)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (171μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (218μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (172μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (299μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (189μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (192μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (164μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (220μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (320μs)
      • creating: site.layouts.app (621μs)
      • composing: site.layouts.app (27μs)
      • creating: components.canonical (602μs)
      • composing: components.canonical (219μs)
      • creating: components.open-graph (321μs)
      • composing: components.open-graph (97μs)
      • creating: site.headers.header (584μs)
      • composing: site.headers.header (92μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (1.92ms)
      • creating: components.footer (102μs)
      • composing: components.footer (97μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (1.12ms)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (387μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (827μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (1.13ms)
      • eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (93μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (379μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (287μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (227μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (195μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (233μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (295μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (304μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (468μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (226μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (213μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (177μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (255μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (208μs)
      • creating: components.forms.contact-us (289μs)
      • composing: components.forms.contact-us (182μs)
      • creating: components.forms.get-started (208μs)
      • composing: components.forms.get-started (84μs)
      • creating: components.forms.free-tool-download (154μs)
      • composing: components.forms.free-tool-download (80μs)
      • creating: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (141μs)
      • composing: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (85μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (140μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (93μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (141μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (74μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-support (188μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-support (78μs)
      • 311 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (17.95%)
        122ms
        20 x Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (7.19%)
        48.92ms
        20 x Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (6.8%)
        46.21ms
        11 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (1.89%)
        12.89ms
        11 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (1%)
        6.83ms
        1 x Illuminate\Foundation\Events\LocaleUpdated (0.77%)
        5.27ms
        12 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.64%)
        4.33ms
        1 x Illuminate\Routing\Events\Routing (0.21%)
        1.41ms
        1 x Illuminate\Database\Events\ConnectionEstablished (0.14%)
        939μs
        1 x creating: site.layouts.app (0.09%)
        621μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.09%)
        609μs
        1 x creating: components.canonical (0.09%)
        602μs
        1 x creating: site.headers.header (0.09%)
        584μs
        1 x creating: components.breadcrumbs (0.08%)
        528μs
        1 x Illuminate\Routing\Events\RouteMatched (0.07%)
        508μs
        1 x creating: homework.show (0.06%)
        387μs
        1 x creating: components.open-graph (0.05%)
        321μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.contact-us (0.04%)
        289μs
        7 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.04%)
        281μs
        7 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.04%)
        249μs
        2 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\Subject (0.04%)
        246μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.03%)
        227μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.03%)
        223μs
        1 x composing: components.canonical (0.03%)
        219μs
        1 x composing: components.breadcrumbs (0.03%)
        215μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.get-started (0.03%)
        208μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-support (0.03%)
        188μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.contact-us (0.03%)
        182μs
        1 x composing: homework.show (0.02%)
        158μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.free-tool-download (0.02%)
        154μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.02%)
        150μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (0.02%)
        141μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (0.02%)
        141μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (0.02%)
        140μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\Subject (0.02%)
        106μs
        1 x creating: components.footer (0.02%)
        102μs
        1 x composing: components.open-graph (0.01%)
        97μs
        1 x composing: components.footer (0.01%)
        97μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (0.01%)
        93μs
        1 x composing: site.headers.header (0.01%)
        92μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (0.01%)
        85μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.get-started (0.01%)
        84μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.free-tool-download (0.01%)
        80μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-support (0.01%)
        78μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (0.01%)
        74μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\Subject (0.01%)
        59μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.01%)
        58μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.01%)
        53μs
        1 x composing: site.layouts.app (0%)
        27μs
      14 templates were rendered
      • 1x homework.showshow.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.breadcrumbsbreadcrumbs.blade.phpblade
      • 1x site.layouts.appapp.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.canonicalcanonical.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.open-graphopen-graph.blade.phpblade
      • 1x site.headers.headerheader.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.footerfooter.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.contact-uscontact-us.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.get-startedget-started.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.free-tool-downloadfree-tool-download.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.claim-free-worksheetclaim-free-worksheet.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlisttutor-subscription-waitlist.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-subscription-jointutor-subscription-join.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-supporttutor-support.blade.phpblade
      uri
      GET college-homework-library/{category}/{subject}/{id}
      middleware
      web, utm.parameters
      controller
      App\Http\Controllers\HomeworkLibraryController@show
      namespace
      where
      as
      homework.show
      file
      app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:79-176
      20 statements were executed, 5 of which were duplicates, 15 unique. Show only duplicated70.77ms
      • Connection Establishedtwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#91
        Backtrace
        • 13. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:91
        • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `solutionslibrary` where `status` = 'published' and `price` > 0 and `solutionslibrary`.`id` = '24466' limit 1
        19.14mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Bindings
        • 0: published
        • 1: 0
        • 2: 24466
        Backtrace
        • 16. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (454)
        1.33mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Backtrace
        • 21. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 22. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 24. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 25. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` in (24466)
        3.73mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Backtrace
        • 21. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 22. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 24. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 25. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 11 limit 1
        1.02mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#201
        Bindings
        • 0: 11
        Backtrace
        • 20. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:201
        • 26. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:105
        • 27. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 28. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 29. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • select * from `solutionslibrary` where `id` <> 24466 and `subject` = 454 and `status` = 'published' and `price` > 0 order by RAND() limit 6
        2.8mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryRepository.php#30
        Bindings
        • 0: 24466
        • 1: 454
        • 2: published
        • 3: 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:30
        • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 18. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:39
        • 19. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:139
      • select * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (454)
        1.31mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryRepository.php#30
        Backtrace
        • 19. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:30
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 21. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 23. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:39
        • 24. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:139
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 24466 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'question' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        1.57mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 24466
        • 1: question
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:58
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 24466 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'teaser' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        1.62mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 24466
        • 1: teaser
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:69
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 24466 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'solution' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        1.76mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 24466
        • 1: solution
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:80
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 11 limit 1
        1.16mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#201
        Bindings
        • 0: 11
        Backtrace
        • 20. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:201
        • 32. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
        • 33. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 34. vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
        • 35. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:70
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 1 limit 1
        2.25mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 1
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 3 limit 1
        1.36mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 3
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 4 limit 1
        7.41mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 4
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 10 limit 1
        1.41mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 10
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 33 limit 1
        3.17mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 33
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 11 limit 1
        8.31mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 11
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 5 limit 1
        3.29mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 5
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 34 limit 1
        5.6mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 34
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 31 limit 1
        1.33mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 31
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 36 limit 1
        1.2mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 36
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 28. view::components.footer:170
      App\Models\SubjectCat
      12SubjectCat.php
      App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary
      7HomeworkLibrary.php
      App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile
      7HomeworkLibraryFile.php
      App\Models\Subject
      2Subject.php
          _token
          tJEZmJdgJ53qSraWisBL18iFif0DJ87Dehe12psv
          utm_source
          direct
          redirectUrl
          /college-homework-library/Writing/Materials-and-Methods-for-Research/24466
          _previous
          array:1 [ "url" => "https://staging.dev.24houranswers.com/college-homework-library/Writing/Materia...
          _flash
          array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
          PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
          []
          path_info
          /college-homework-library/Writing/Materials-and-Methods-for-Research/24466
          status_code
          200
          
          status_text
          OK
          format
          html
          content_type
          text/html; charset=UTF-8
          request_query
          []
          
          request_request
          []
          
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