Question
Showing Network Performance with IPv4 and IPv6

Statement of Purpose:

Internet Protocol version 4 is the fourth edition of the IP.
It was deployed in 1983 in the ARPANET and is one of the centers of standard protocols. It uses 32-bit addresses for Ethernet communication.

It provides a connection between two devices by giving each n address. Internet Protocol version 6 is one of the newest versions currently being used around the globe.
This version uses a 128-bit address and offers more possible addresses. The reason this version is being rolled out is due to the diminishing number of addresses IPv4 can provide.

The purpose of this project is to show the network performances between IPv4 and IPv6 using TCP and OPNET individually as well as dual stacking and tunneling performances when it is needed, along with the issues of dual stacking. I will also be showing how IPv6 by itself is not compatible with IPV4.
This paper will also explain the differences between both IPv4 and IPv6, as well as define and give a background on what TCP is.

Working Thesis:

In today’s day, IPv4 is running extremely low and soon, all devices will translate to IPv6. This conversion will be happening sooner than later.
There are some people skeptical of the change and wonder if this will affect their network connectivity in a negative manner.
This paper will measure the network performance of both version 4 and version 6.
There is also concern that these versions are not reverse compatible, meaning IPv6 is not compatible with IPv4.
This paper will also take a dive into that area and address the concern and issues.

Research Methods:

This paper will use scholarly articles, reputable websites, as well as college and scholarly books and current research.

Working Outline:

• Paragraph 0: Abstract and Introduction to paper

• Paragraph 1: Introduction to IPv4, IPv6, TCP and OPNET
-what is IPv4 and IPv6
-differences between both versions
-what is TCP and OPNET and what is it used for

•Paragraph 2: performance of IPv4
-addresses, routing and security

•Paragraph 3: performance of IPv6
-addresses, routing and security differences from IPv4

•Paragraph 4: compatibility of both versions
-IPv4 works with IPv6 but not vise versa
-Options to allow compatibility

•Paragraph 5: what is dual stacking and tunneling
-explain both options
-explain how they improve compatibility

•Paragraph 6: performance with dual stacking and tunneling
- explain how they improve compatibility

•Paragraph 7: future of IP
-what happens after IPv6
-will there be an IPv7?

•Paragraph 8: closing remarks/conclusion
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Showing Network Performance with IPv4 and IPv6

Abstract

The internet is growing fast. Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) that uses 32-bit fix length addresses is slowly running out of IP address spaces.
Therefore, it needs to be replaced with the newer Internet Protocol, Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) that provides more address space by using 128 bit size IP addresses.
Even though IPv6 is more advanced, it is not backward compatible with the IPv4.

This creates a problem because it allows the existence of two parallel internet networks that need to communicate with each other.
IPv4 to IPv6 translation solutions like dual-stacks and tunneling have been designed to enable the direct communication between these two protocols.
None of these two protocols is ideal and each has its pros and cons. It is very likely that IPv6 will be replaced at some point In the future. However, it is uncertain what the new design will bring.

Keywords: IPv4, IPv6, Compatibility, Performance

Showing Network Performance with IPv4 and IPv6

Internet has become almost synonymous with modern age communication technologies.
Technical developments in information and communication technology (ICT) have contributed to making computer networking almost a necessity.
In order for computer networks to function the way they are intended, their architecture design needs to allow the provider to monitor and control the network traffic in the most adequate way.
This will allow the optimal performance with the minimal increase in network resources to be achieved [1].

Introduction to IPv4 and IPv6

Currently, the most widely used internet protocol is Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4).
Internet Protocol version 4 is the fourth edition of the IP. It was deployed in 1983 in the ARPANET but still remains one of the centers of standard protocols.
It uses 32-bit fix length addresses for Ethernet communication. IPv4 provides a connection between two devices by giving each a unique address.

Even though it still functions well, the continual expansion in the number of internet users and hosts is slowly making IPv4 obsolete.
The main reason this version is being rolled out is due to the diminishing number of addresses IPv4 can provide. IPv4
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (221μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (190μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (205μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (171μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (248μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (167μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (182μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (169μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (200μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (154μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (215μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (165μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (305μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (183μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (176μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (162μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (240μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (176μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (196μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (164μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (290μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (573μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (878μs)
      • eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (75μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (323μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (192μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (315μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (324μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (211μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (308μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (214μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (294μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (276μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (327μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (265μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (324μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (182μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (147μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (182μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (165μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (211μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (161μs)
      • creating: site.layouts.app (544μs)
      • composing: site.layouts.app (26μs)
      • creating: components.canonical (478μs)
      • composing: components.canonical (132μs)
      • creating: components.open-graph (226μs)
      • composing: components.open-graph (88μs)
      • creating: site.headers.header (329μs)
      • composing: site.headers.header (85μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (1.93ms)
      • creating: components.footer (74μs)
      • composing: components.footer (89μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (860μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (500μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (839μs)
      • Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (1.68ms)
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      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (539μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (462μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (272μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (217μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (365μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (474μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (332μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (419μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (211μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (192μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (177μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (720μs)
      • Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (339μs)
      • creating: components.forms.contact-us (354μs)
      • composing: components.forms.contact-us (276μs)
      • creating: components.forms.get-started (204μs)
      • composing: components.forms.get-started (88μs)
      • creating: components.forms.free-tool-download (142μs)
      • composing: components.forms.free-tool-download (76μs)
      • creating: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (139μs)
      • composing: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (190μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (162μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (75μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (136μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (75μs)
      • creating: components.forms.tutor-support (166μs)
      • composing: components.forms.tutor-support (73μs)
      • 315 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheHit (16.96%)
        108ms
        16 x Illuminate\Database\Events\StatementPrepared (5.73%)
        36.55ms
        16 x Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted (4.19%)
        26.75ms
        7 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\CacheMissed (0.63%)
        4.00ms
        7 x Illuminate\Cache\Events\KeyWritten (0.5%)
        3.20ms
        1 x Illuminate\Foundation\Events\LocaleUpdated (0.31%)
        1.96ms
        1 x Illuminate\Database\Events\ConnectionEstablished (0.14%)
        908μs
        1 x Illuminate\Routing\Events\Routing (0.12%)
        751μs
        8 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.12%)
        745μs
        1 x creating: site.layouts.app (0.09%)
        544μs
        1 x creating: components.canonical (0.07%)
        478μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.07%)
        456μs
        1 x Illuminate\Routing\Events\RouteMatched (0.07%)
        444μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.contact-us (0.06%)
        354μs
        1 x creating: components.breadcrumbs (0.05%)
        343μs
        1 x creating: homework.show (0.05%)
        331μs
        1 x creating: site.headers.header (0.05%)
        329μs
        1 x composing: homework.show (0.05%)
        327μs
        5 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.05%)
        303μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.contact-us (0.04%)
        276μs
        7 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.04%)
        270μs
        2 x eloquent.retrieved: App\Models\Subject (0.04%)
        237μs
        1 x creating: components.open-graph (0.04%)
        226μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.get-started (0.03%)
        204μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (0.03%)
        190μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-support (0.03%)
        166μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (0.03%)
        162μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.03%)
        161μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.free-tool-download (0.02%)
        142μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.claim-free-worksheet (0.02%)
        139μs
        1 x creating: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (0.02%)
        136μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary (0.02%)
        134μs
        1 x composing: components.canonical (0.02%)
        132μs
        1 x composing: components.breadcrumbs (0.02%)
        123μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.02%)
        110μs
        1 x composing: components.footer (0.01%)
        89μs
        1 x composing: components.open-graph (0.01%)
        88μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.get-started (0.01%)
        88μs
        1 x composing: site.headers.header (0.01%)
        85μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.free-tool-download (0.01%)
        76μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlist (0.01%)
        75μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-subscription-join (0.01%)
        75μs
        1 x creating: components.footer (0.01%)
        74μs
        1 x composing: components.forms.tutor-support (0.01%)
        73μs
        1 x eloquent.booting: App\Models\Subject (0.01%)
        70μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\SubjectCat (0.01%)
        59μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\Subject (0.01%)
        54μs
        1 x eloquent.booted: App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile (0.01%)
        54μs
        1 x composing: site.layouts.app (0%)
        26μs
      14 templates were rendered
      • 1x homework.showshow.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.breadcrumbsbreadcrumbs.blade.phpblade
      • 1x site.layouts.appapp.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.canonicalcanonical.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.open-graphopen-graph.blade.phpblade
      • 1x site.headers.headerheader.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.footerfooter.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.contact-uscontact-us.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.get-startedget-started.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.free-tool-downloadfree-tool-download.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.claim-free-worksheetclaim-free-worksheet.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-subscription-waitlisttutor-subscription-waitlist.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-subscription-jointutor-subscription-join.blade.phpblade
      • 1x components.forms.tutor-supporttutor-support.blade.phpblade
      uri
      GET college-homework-library/{category}/{subject}/{id}
      middleware
      web, utm.parameters
      controller
      App\Http\Controllers\HomeworkLibraryController@show
      namespace
      where
      as
      homework.show
      file
      app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:79-176
      16 statements were executed, 5 of which were duplicates, 11 unique. Show only duplicated48.38ms
      • Connection Establishedtwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#91
        Backtrace
        • 13. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:91
        • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `solutionslibrary` where `status` = 'published' and `price` > 0 and `solutionslibrary`.`id` = '23560' limit 1
        5.46mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Bindings
        • 0: published
        • 1: 0
        • 2: 23560
        Backtrace
        • 16. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (333)
        2.96mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Backtrace
        • 21. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 22. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 24. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 25. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` in (23560)
        920μstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryController.php#97
        Backtrace
        • 21. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:97
        • 22. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 24. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • 25. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 11 limit 1
        1.19mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#201
        Bindings
        • 0: 11
        Backtrace
        • 20. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:201
        • 26. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:105
        • 27. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 28. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • 29. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • select * from `solutionslibrary` where `id` <> 23560 and `subject` = 333 and `status` = 'published' and `price` > 0 order by RAND() limit 6
        16.63mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryRepository.php#30
        Bindings
        • 0: 23560
        • 1: 333
        • 2: published
        • 3: 0
        Backtrace
        • 14. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:30
        • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 18. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:39
        • 19. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:139
      • select * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (333)
        1.24mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibraryRepository.php#30
        Backtrace
        • 19. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:30
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 21. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 23. app/Repositories/HomeworkLibraryRepository.php:39
        • 24. app/Http/Controllers/HomeworkLibraryController.php:139
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 23560 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'question' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        3.4mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 23560
        • 1: question
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:58
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 23560 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'teaser' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        920μstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 23560
        • 1: teaser
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:69
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `solutionslibrary_files` where `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` = 23560 and `solutionslibrary_files`.`solutionlib_id` is not null and `publish` = 'solution' order by `order` asc, `id` asc
        910μstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#260
        Bindings
        • 0: 23560
        • 1: solution
        Backtrace
        • 15. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:260
        • 16. app/Transformers/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibraryTransformer.php:80
        • 19. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:128
        • 20. vendor/league/fractal/src/TransformerAbstract.php:107
        • 21. vendor/league/fractal/src/Scope.php:383
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 11 limit 1
        4.03mstwenty4_siteHomeworkLibrary.php#201
        Bindings
        • 0: 11
        Backtrace
        • 20. app/Models/HomeworkLibrary/HomeworkLibrary.php:201
        • 32. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
        • 33. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 34. vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
        • 35. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:70
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 33 limit 1
        3.42mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 33
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 11 limit 1
        2.35mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 11
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 5 limit 1
        1.15mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 5
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 34 limit 1
        1.3mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 34
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 31 limit 1
        830μstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 31
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 34. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:110
      • select * from `subject_cats` where `subject_cats`.`id` = 36 limit 1
        1.67mstwenty4_siteSubject.php#100
        Bindings
        • 0: 36
        Backtrace
        • 18. app/Models/Subject.php:100
        • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:397
        • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:419
        • 22. app/Models/Subject.php:101
        • 28. view::components.footer:170
      App\Models\SubjectCat
      8SubjectCat.php
      App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibrary
      7HomeworkLibrary.php
      App\Models\HomeworkLibrary\HomeworkLibraryFile
      5HomeworkLibraryFile.php
      App\Models\Subject
      2Subject.php
          _token
          j8XlI51VzyAMwQ3wAYrn0eySAfFjckwSmUD75P3I
          utm_source
          direct
          redirectUrl
          /college-homework-library/Writing/Research-Paper-Writing/23560
          _previous
          array:1 [ "url" => "https://staging.dev.24houranswers.com/college-homework-library/Writing/Researc...
          _flash
          array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
          PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
          []
          path_info
          /college-homework-library/Writing/Research-Paper-Writing/23560
          status_code
          200
          
          status_text
          OK
          format
          html
          content_type
          text/html; charset=UTF-8
          request_query
          []
          
          request_request
          []
          
          request_headers
          0 of 0
          array:21 [ "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-amzn-trace-id" => array:1 [ 0 => "Root=1-67fca200-0b6813c55e27f5bc7b980e23" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "staging.dev.24houranswers.com" ] "x-forwarded-port" => array:1 [ 0 => "443" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.220.47.149" ] "content-length" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "" ] ]
          request_cookies
          []
          
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